．不同的載體表現
紅樓夢的電子資源
紅樓夢的書本形式
考題檢討
1.書目記錄的功能需求把書目記錄分為幾個實體?彼此的關係為何?
．有10個實體（Entities）：
作品（work）
内容表達（expression）
載體表現（manifestation）
單件（item）
個人（person）
團體（corporate body）
概念（concept）
實物（object）
事件（event）
地點（place）
．第一組實體代表知識或藝術創作產品中用戶關心的不同方面。
一個作品可對應多個表達，一個表達可對應一個作品
一個表達可對應多個載體，一個載體可對應多個表達
一個載體可對應多個單件，一個單件可對應一個載體
．第二組實體代表那些對第一組實體的知識或藝術內容、物質生產與傳遞或者保管負有責任的物件。
圖示描繪了存在於第二組實體與第一組實體之間的"責任"關係類別。
一個單件可被個人/團體擁有
一個載體可被個人/團體生產
一個表達可被個人/團體實現
一個作品可被個人/團體創作
．第三組實體與"主題"關係，圖示描繪了存在於第二組實體與第一組實體之間的"責任"關係類別。
圖示描繪了第三組實體與第一組中的作品實體之間的"主題"關係。
作品有"作品、表達、載體、單件"作為主題
作品有"個人/團體"作為主體
作品有"概念、實物、事件、地點"作為主題
2.試述國際編目原則聲明總原則的重要性
2.1. 讀者的便利性Convenience of the
user。在對著錄以及用以檢索的名稱的受控形式作出抉擇時應該考慮到讀者。
2.2. 通用性Common usage。在著錄與檢索中使用的詞彙應與大多數讀者所用的詞彙相一致。
2.3. 表達性Representation。著錄以及名稱的受控形式應按實體描述其本身的方式來確定。
2.4. 準確性Accuracy。應如實描述被著錄的實體。
2.5. 充分性與必備性Sufficiency and necessity。只應包含那些在著錄以及用以檢索的名稱的受控形式中對完成讀者任務所必需的，以及對唯一識別某一實體所必不可缺的數據單位。
2.6. 有意義Significance。數據單位應具有目錄學意義。
2.7. 經濟性Economy。當達到某一目標存在多種途徑時，應選擇整體經濟性最佳的途徑（即費用最少或方法最簡單）
2.8. 一致性與標準化Consistency and
standardization。應盡可能實現著錄與確立檢索點工作的標準化。這樣能夠取得更大的一致性，從而提高共享書目數據與規範數據的能力。
2.9. 集成化Integration。各類文獻的著錄以及各類實體名稱的受控形式應在適用範圍内基於一套共同的規則。
The entities that have been defined for
this study represent the key objects of interest to users of bibliographic
data. The entities have been divided into three groups. The first group
comprises the products of intellectual or artistic endeavour that are named or
described in bibliographic records: work, expression, manifestation, and item.
The second group comprises those entities responsible for the intellectual or
artistic content, the physical production and dissemination, or the
custodianship of such products: person and corporate body. The third group
comprises an additional set of entities that serve as the subjects of
intellectual or artistic endeavour: concept, object, event, and place.
3.試述資源描述和檢索的範圍與目的
．RDA使用的資料是描述一個資源適用幫助使用者處理以下工作
The data created
using RDA to describe a resource are designed to assist users performing the following tasks.
find（查找）—i.e., to find resources that correspond to the user’s stated search
criteria
identify（辨認）—i.e., to confirm that the
resource described corresponds to the resource sought, or to distinguish
between two or more resources with similar characteristics
select（選擇）—i.e., to select a resource
that is appropriate to the user’s needs
obtain（獲取）—i.e., to acquire or access
the resource described.
以上定義根據FRBR 1998年書目記錄功能需求
．RDA使用的資料是描述一個實體跟資源有關適用幫助使用者處理以下工作
The data created using RDA to describe an entity associated with a resource (a person, family, corporate body, concept,
etc.) are designed to assist users performing the following tasks.
find（查找）—i.e., to find information on that entity and on resources associated
with the entity
identify（辨認）—i.e., to confirm that the
entity described corresponds to the entity sought, or to distinguish between
two or more entities with similar names, etc.
clarify（澄清）—i.e., to clarify the
relationship between two or more such entities, or to clarify the relationship
between the entity described and a name by which that entity is known
understand（理解）—i.e., to understand why a
particular name or title, or form of name or title, has been chosen as the
preferred name or title for the entity.
4.試述資源描述和檢索的核心細目
著錄載體呈現或單件時，至少應包括以下的細目：
Title
Title
proper
Statement of responsibility
Statement
of responsibility relating to title proper (if more than one, only the first
recorded is required)
Edition statement
Designation
of edition
Designation
of a named revision of an edition
Numbering of serials(連續性出版品期別編號)
Numeric
and/or alphabetic designation of first issue or part of sequence (for first or
only sequence)
Chronological
designation of first issue or part of sequence (for first or only sequence)
Numeric
and/or alphabetic designation of last issue or part of sequence (for last or
only sequence)
Chronological
designation of last issue or part of sequence (for last or only sequence)
Production statement
Date
of production (for a resource in an unpublished form)
Publication statement
Place
of publication (if more than one, only the first recorded is required)
Publisher’s
name (if more than one, only the first recorded is required)
Date
of publication 2013
Distribution statement
Place
of distribution (for a published
resource, if place of publication not identified; if more than one, only the
first recorded is required)要出版，否則不用紀錄
Distributor’s
name (for a published resource, if
publisher not identified; if more than one, only the first recorded is
required)
Date
of distribution (for a published
resource, if date of publication not identified)
Manufacture statement
Place
of manufacture (for a published resource, if neither place of publication nor
place of distribution identified;if more than one, only the first recorded
is required)
Manufacturer's
name (for a published resource, if neither publisher nor distributor
identified; if more than one, only the first recorded is required)
Date
of manufacture (for a published resource, if neither date of publication, date
of distribution, nor copyright date identified)
Copyright date(版權年)
Copyright
date (if neither date of
publication nor date of distribution identified)
Series statement
Title
proper of series
Numbering
within series
Title
proper of subseries
Numbering
within subseries
Identifier for the manifestation(識別項)
Identifier
for the manifestation (if more than one, prefer an internationally recognized
identifier if applicable)
Carrier type(載體類型)
Carrier
type
Extent(稽核項)
Extent
(only if the resource is complete or if the total extent is known)
When recording data identifying
a work, include as a minimum the elements listed below that are applicable and
readily ascertainable.
Preferred title for the work
Identifier for the work
When the preferred
title is recorded as part of the authorized access point representing the work,
precede it, if appropriate, by the authorized access point representing the
person, family, or corporate body responsible for the work, as specified in the
instructions given under 6.27.1.
If the preferred
title for a work is the same as or similar to a title for a different work, or
to a name for a person, family, or corporate body, record as many of the
additional identifying elements listed below as necessary to differentiate
them. Record the elements either as additions to the access point representing
the work, as separate elements, or as both.
Form of work
Date of work
Place of origin of the work
Other distinguishing characteristic of the work
When identifying a
musical work with a title that is not distinctive, record as many of the
following elements as are
applicable. For
musical works with distinctive titles, record as many of the following elements
as necessary to differentiate the work from others with the same title. Record
the elements either as additions to the access point representing the work, as
separate elements, or as both.
Medium of performance
Numeric designation
Key
When identifying a
bilateral treaty, etc., record the element listed below for both signatories.
Record the elements either as part of the access point representing the work,
as separate elements, or as both.
Signatory for a treaty, etc.
When recording data identifying
an expression, include as a minimum the elements listed below that are
applicable and readily ascertainable.
Identifier for the expression
Content type
Language of expression
Record as many of the
additional identifying elements listed below as necessary to differentiate one
expression of a work from another. Record the elements either as additions to
the access point representing the expression, as separate elements, or as both.
Date of expression
Other distinguishing characteristic of the expression
When describing a
cartographic expression, include as a minimum the elements listed below that
are applicable and readily ascertainable.
Horizontal scale of cartographic content
Vertical scale of cartographic content
Include additional
elements covered in this chapter and in chapters 6 and 7 in accordance with the
policy of the agency creating the data, or as judged appropriate by the
cataloguer.
著錄作品時，至少應包括以下的細目：
Preferred title for the work
選用的作品題名
Identifier for the work 作品的辨識碼
選用的作品題名等於或類似於其他作品，或個人、家族、團體時，增加額外的或另外著錄以下的辨識細目，如6.27.1.所述：
Form of work 作品的形式
Date of work 作品的日期
Place of origin of the work 作品的原生地
Other distinguishing characteristic of the work 其他足以辨識的特性
音樂作品的題名無法辨認該作品時，儘量記錄以下的細目。音樂作品的題名足敷辨認該作品時，儘量記錄以下的細目，以區別同名的其他作品。這些細目可記錄為該作品檢索項的附屬，或獨立的細目，也可兩者兼備。
Medium of performance 表演樂器
Numeric designation 編號
Key 調
識別雙語條約等作品時，記錄雙方的簽約人，當成檢索項的一部份，或獨立的細目，或兩者並呈。
Signatory for a treaty, etc.
條約簽約人
為了識別表現形而記錄的資料，至少應包括以下的細目：
Identifier for the
expression 表現形識別碼
Content type 內容類型
Language of expression 表現形語文
為了區別作品的不同表現形，至少應記錄以下的細目。這些細目可記錄為該作品檢索項的附屬，或獨立的細目，也可兩者兼備。
Date of expression 表現形出版年
Other distinguishing characteristic of the expression 表現形的其他特徵
著錄地圖表現形時，至少應包括以下的細目：
Horizontal scale of
cartographic content 地圖內容的水平比例尺
Vertical scale of cartographic content 地圖內容的垂直比例尺
應依編目機構的政策或編目員的判斷，增加本章、第6章與第7章的額外細目。
